NIMCET Computer Previous Year Questions (PYQs) – Page 23 of 23

Given $8$-bit two's complement number is:

$11010011$

Since the leftmost bit is $1$, the number is negative.

To find its magnitude, take two's complement.

First, invert all bits:

$11010011\to 00101100$

Now add $1$:

$00101100+1=00101101$

Now convert $00101101$ to decimal:

$00101101=32+8+4+1$

$=45$

Since the original number was negative, the decimal equivalent is:

$-45$

Total instruction size is:

$16$ bits

Opcode uses:

$4$ bits

So, remaining bits for memory address are:

$16-4=12$ bits

With $12$ address bits, maximum addressable memory locations are:

$2^{12}=4096$

Opcode stands for Operation Code.

It tells the CPU which operation has to be performed, such as addition, subtraction, data movement, comparison, etc.

Operand tells the data or address on which the operation is performed.

Register is a small storage location inside the CPU.

Immediate address represents data given directly in the instruction.